To help aspiring writers as they consider story ideas, draft, revise and edit, the frequently asked questions and answers below are organized according to the different stages in the writing process:
- Pre-Writing
- Drafting
- Revising
- Editing
- Publishing
Pre-Writing
Does brainstorming have to be done in steps?
No, brainstorming is a very free process. Many writers jot down any and all ideas that come to them in no particular form. Then they go back and consider which ideas they like. You can also make mind maps to help in brainstorming.
Can you take inspiration from other writers?
Inspiration, yes. Exact ideas or words, no. Use your imagination or your own experience to come up with creative ideas of your own.
What do you think is the best genre of stories for the competition—fantasy, science fiction or realistic fiction?
All genres are fine for the story writing competition, but whatever genre the story is, it must fit the theme for the year.
Can we write a story about something that has already happened?
The keyword here is ‘fiction’. The story can be about something that seems realistic—something that could happen in real life—but the story competition focuses on fictional stories. You could create a fictional version of something that actually happened though.
Does the scene of the story have to be expected or unexpected? Does a story have to have a plot twist in order to be successful?
Either expected or unexpected scenes are fine, but many short story writers like to use unexpected story elements such as plot twists to keep readers interested and surprise them at the end.
Can the narrator be a part of the story and narrate the protagonist’s story?
Writers can choose if they want the narrator to be a part of the story, writing about himself or herself with ‘I’ (the first-person point of view), or writers can have a narrator who is outside the story and writes as an observer (the third-person point of view).
Does the story have to follow the shape of the plot diagram of the story structure, or can we switch between the stages?
Although some writers like to experiment with story structure, writers generally follow the standard plot diagram. Some writers might stop when they reach the climax of their story to leave the readers wondering what happened, but most writers like to show readers how their conflict is resolved. As far as the beginning of the story goes, the writer might not have much exposition to introduce the characters and setting so that readers have to guess, but there still needs to be some sort of exposition, or readers will not understand what is going on at all.
Drafting
Can you share an example of a good start to a story?
Stories can begin in many ways, but some suggestions for starting a story are the following: begin in the middle of an action or conversation so that readers are curious about what is going on and want to keep reading, ask a question, or talk about the setting.
If a story is serious, what does it have to start with?
Serious stories, like other stories, can begin in a number of ways. Look at the answer to the question above for some ideas.
Can we start with ‘Once upon a time’?
Unless you are writing a fairy tale, you probably should not start your story with ‘Once upon a time’. Even if you are writing a fairy tale, you might want to come up with a more imaginative opening.
What is the meaning of ‘figurative’?
‘Figurative’ refers to symbolic or metaphorical meaning. For example, ‘Her daughter was her sunshine’ includes a figurative use of ‘sunshine’. The daughter is not the sun, of course, but she brings happiness to the mother like sunshine after a dark night.
What is the meaning of ‘evocative’?
‘Evocative’ refers to creating pictures in the mind of the readers so they can feel the experiences and memories of a character or setting. Using sensory description (e.g., writing about what can be seen, heard, smelled, touched and tasted) and figurative language often helps writers to create evocative stories.
Are we allowed to copy phrases from different books that fit the theme of our stories?
Generally, it is not allowed to copy other writers’ words and use them in your own story. If you really like what another writer has written and think it fits your theme, perhaps you could put that sentence at the top of the first page, before the beginning of your story, with the writer’s name clearly shown to show how you are thinking about the ideas in your story.
How do you come up with good story titles?
Try to come up with a fairly short, catchy phrase for your title to attract the readers’ attention. For example, you can create titles related to your story theme, the setting, a character, an important event or mystery in the story. You can also use one line from your story, or make your title a question.
Revising
Why do we have to revise what we write? Is it because we might have some mistakes or something?
Many writers say they spend most of their time in the revising stage of the writing process because when they write the first draft of the story, they are focusing on what happens and do not think enough about how all the events fit together or how interesting their language is. It is always good to think about how you can make your first draft better. A writer’s tip: Leave your first draft overnight before you start to revise. The next day you will see your story with ‘new eyes’ and be able to identify what needs to be improved.
Is quality better than quantity?
Focusing on quality is usually better than focusing on quantity. Advice given to many students is to ‘write more about less’, that is, write in detail about a smaller incident and fewer characters to make a situation come alive for the reader. Short stories normally have one main conflict, only a few characters, and a limited setting.
Editing
Sometimes while writing in detail, we exceed the word count. How can we work on this?
If you have too many words, you can use three strategies. First, remove any repeated words or ideas. For example, do not say ‘a tiny, little boy’ because ‘tiny’ and ‘little’ have very similar meanings. Second, get rid of any extra connecting words that are not required. For instance, you can take out ‘that’ in the following sentence: ‘The boy that I remembered sat on the bench outside the school’. Third, look at your content, and remove any description you think is not necessary to make the events in the story clear to the reader. It can be difficult to remove passages you like, but a story is often better when the language use is concise and well-focused.
Is using the power of three or more adjectives and adverbs useful?
Writers’ opinions vary on this question, and people who wrote 100 or 200 years ago tended to use more adjectives and adverbs than today’s writers do. Nowadays, it is generally considered better style, for example, to rely on active verbs than adverbs to communicate your message.
Are there limits to the use of punctuation marks?
You should just follow the normal rules for the use of punctuation marks. As far as using too many, it is better not to write double punctuation marks such as ‘??’, and not to use a lot of semi-colons (;).
Publishing
If we have already submitted a story, can we submit another one?
Yes, of course, you can submit multiple entries.
Is it fine to rewrite our stories? Is it allowed to re-submit?
Yes, just make sure you re-submit before the deadline. Also, we would suggest that you include ‘updated’ in brackets after the title of your story so that we know that this is the latest submission of the older version of your story.
How many stories can we submit?
As many as you want.
Do students have to type the story or hand-write it?
Students should type their stories. Stories should be submitted in a legible font, size 12-point, 1.5 line spacing.
Is it alright if the word count exceeds the limit by 3 or 4 words?
Yes. You are allowed a 10% extra word count from the final word limit. You do not necessarily have to count the title of your story within the word count.
How do you write a clean copy?
The term ‘clean copy’ refers to a story that has no content or language errors, no highlighting, and no notes written on it. A clean copy should also be in a clear font (size 12) with proper paragraph spacing. Basically, a clean copy of a story is a copy that is ready to be read and published for others to see.
If it is a true story, can we mention it in the story?
The idea is for you to refine your creative writing skills and to write a fictional story. You can most certainly borrow some ideas from real life. However, there is no need to mention that in your story.
General Questions
What are the criteria that our stories are judged on?
Judges look for an interesting and well-organized plot, fully developed characters, an evocative setting, vivid and imaginative language use, accurate grammar, spelling and punctuation. They also consider carefully whether the story fits the story writing competition theme for the year.
